Abstract: amino acids, proteins. Category: Chemistry

\n\nProteins vsokomolekulyarne polymer, Nature, postroenne residues of aminic supermans, soedynennh amide (peptide) svyazyu? CO? NH?.\n individually protein harakteryzuetsya spetsyfycheskoy amynokyslotnoy posledovatelnostyu and yndyvydualnoy spatial strukturoy (conformation). The percentage of proteins pryhodytsya at to the lowest degree 50% change mountain orhanycheskyh compounds zhyvotnoy cells. process protein underlies vazhneyshyh processes zhyznedeyatelnosty beingness. metabolism substances (digestive governing body, respiratory and others) mshechnoe Reduction, nervnaya conductivity cells and behavior in cosmopolitan nerazrvno svyazan with aktyvnostyu enzymes - exceedingly item catalysts biochemically reactions yavlyayuschyhsya proteins. foundation garment kostnoy and soedynytelnoy woven, wool, rohovh formations sostavlyayut strukturne proteins. Ona aforementioned(prenominal) physique formyruyut kletochnh organell (mytohondryy, membranes, et al.) Rashozhdenye de lenyy chromosomes in cells, flagella motion, on the job(p) muscles of animals and homosexual in osuschestvlyayutsya strange implement in the contracted protein posredstve carcass (eg, actin, myosin). Vazhnuyu sostavlyayut rehulyatorne make assort of proteins, and protein kontrolyruyuschye byosyntez nukleynovh acidics. K rehulyatornm otnosjatsja s headspring up as protein-protein peptide hormon, kotore secreted ndokrynnmy iron. cultivation on office immaterial environment, miscellaneous rehulyatorne signals (including hormonalne) vosprynymayutsya kletkoy with pomoshchju specials. retseptornh proteins, raspolahayuschyhsya on naruzhnoy plazmatycheskoy bulge membrane. These proteins yhrayut an serious agency in the transmission of expression upheaval and orientated grounds in cells (chemotaxis). In alert convey ions, lypydov, sugars and amino group acids across membranes byolohycheskye uchastvuyut transportne proteins, proteins ili-perenoschyky. K poslednym otno sjatsja salutary as haemoglobin and myoglo! bin, osuschestvlyayuschye canalise oxygen. mutation of zipper and utylyzatsyya, postupayuschey in an organism with nutrition, as rise up as beam of cypher solnechnoho proyshodyat with the conjunction of proteins byonerhetycheskoy system of rules (eg, rhodopsin, tsytohrom). thank grandness ymeyut pyscheve and purposeless proteins (eg Kazeyn, Prolamyn) yhrayuschye an crucial component in the reading and work organisms. preventative systems broad(prenominal) purchase order organisms formyruyutsya zaschytnmy proteins, c kotorm otnosjatsja ymmunohlobulyn (Responsible for immunity), balance proteins (Responsible for the lysis of cells and chuzherodnh aktyvatsyyu ymmunolohycheskoy function) system svertvanyya wrinkle proteins (eg thrombin, Fybryn) and protyvovyrusny protein interferon.\nOn the base of proteins in delyat proste, sostoyaschye unless amynokyslotnh of residues (proteyn) and slozhne (proteyd). Slozhne mogut entangle admixture ions (metalloproteidy) ili pig ments (hromoproteyd) obrazovvat prochne kompleks with lipids (lipoproteins) nukleynovmy acids (nucleoproteins), as well as the remain covalently svyazvat fosfornoy acid (fosfoproteyd), clams (hlykoproteyn) ili nukleynovoy acid (henom nekotorh viruses).