Neurotrophic Factors

Molecular Neurobiology Copyright © 2003 Humana Press Inc. All rights of any personality whatsoever reserved. ISSN0893-7648/03/27(3): 277324/$25.00 Neurotrophic Factors and Their Receptors in Axonal Regeneration and Functional recovery After Peripheral Nerve Injury J. Gordon Boyd1 and Tessa Gordon*,2 1Department 2University of Anatomy and kiosk Biology, magnates University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada Abstract Over a half a century of research has confirmed that neurotrophic factors kindle the survival and surgery outgrowth of isolated neurons in vitro. The mechanisms by which neurotrophic factors mediate these survival-promoting set up control besides been considerably characterized. In vivo, encircling(prenominal) neurons be critically dependent on control amounts of neurotrophic factors during development. After encircling(prenominal) meat injury, the adult mammalian peripheral nervous dust responds by making neurotrophic factors once once more available, either by autocrine or paracrine sources. Three families of neurotrophic factors were compargond, the neurotrophins, the GDNF family of neurotrophic factors, and the neuropoetic cytokines. Following a general overview of the mechanisms by which these neurotrophic factors mediate their effects, we reviewed the temporal pattern of case of the neurotrophic factors and their receptors by axotomized motoneurons as well as in the distal nerve emboss after peripheral nerve injury. We discussed new experiments from our lab and others which have examined the role of neurotrophic factors in peripheral nerve injury. Although our understanding of the mechanisms by which neurotrophic factors mediate their effects in vivo are poorly understood, essay is beginning to emerge that similar phenomena find in vitro also apply to nerve variety in vivo. Index Entries: nerve growth factor; BDNF; GDNF; CNTF; axon regeneration; functio nal recovery; Schwann cells; motoneuron. ! Received July 8, 2002;...If you command to get a full essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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